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In recent years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived exosomes have attracted much attention in the field of tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are signaling molecules for communication among cells. They are characterized by natural targeting and low immunogenicity, and are mostly absorbed by cells through the paracrine pathway of mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, they participate in the regulation and promotion of cell or tissue regeneration. As a scaffold material in regenerative medicine, hydrogel has good biocompatibility and degradability. Combining the two compounds can not only improve the retention time of exosomes at the lesion site, but also improve the dose of exosomes reaching the lesion site by in situ injection, and the therapeutic effect in the lesion area is significant and continuous. This paper summarizes the research results of the interaction of exocrine and hydrogel composite materials to promote tissue repair and regeneration, in order to facilitate research in the field of tissue regeneration in the future.
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Hydrogels/metabolism , Exosomes/metabolism , Wound Healing , Regenerative Medicine , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolismABSTRACT
Purpose@#SOX12 is overexpressed in many cancers, and we aimed to explore the biological function and mechanism of SOX12 in thyroid cancer. @*Materials and Methods@#We first analyzed the expression of SOX12 in thyroid cancer using data in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were performed to identify SOX12 expression in thyroid cancer tissue and cells. Thyroid cancer cells were transfected with small interfering RNA targeting SOX12, and cellular functional experiments, including CCK8, wound healing, and Transwell assays, were performed. Protein expression was examined by Western blot analysis. A xenograft model was developed to evaluate the effect of SOX12 on tumor growth in vivo. @*Results@#SOX12 expression was increased in thyroid cancer tissue and cells. SOX12 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and accelerated tumor growth in vivo. The expression of PCNA, Cyclin D1, E-cadherin, Snail, MMP-2, and MMP-9 was affected by SOX12 knockdown. Bioinformatic analysis showed that SOX12 could interact with the POU family. SOX12 knockdown inhibited the expression of POU2F1, POU2F2, POU3F1 and POU3F2, and SOX12 expression showed a positive correlation with POU2F1, POU3F1, and POU3F2 expression in clinical data. POU2F1 and POU3F1 were able to reverse the effect of SOX12 knockdown on thyroid cancer cells. @*Conclusion@#SOX12 affects the progression of thyroid cancer by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and interacting with POU2F1 and POU3F1, which may be novel targets for thyroid cancer molecular therapy.
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Objeetive To explore the clinical application value of new modified paracalculous ureteral catheter in ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of large middle and lower ureteral stone.Methods From January 2014 to January 2017,86 patients with unilateral middle and lower ureteral large stone were treated in Jingzhou Central Hospital.By adopted to random digital table,86 patients were randomly separated into two groups,all of whom were treated with ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy.Forty-three cases were underwent new modified laser lithotripsy with ureteral catheter inserted beneath the stone.Normal saline was injected continuously through the catheter during lithotripsy procedure (modified lithotripsy group).Forty-three cases were underwent direct ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy (direct lithotripsy group).The outcome data were compared between the two groups,such as the operation time,stone clearance rate,ureteral perforation,transit to open surgery,postoperative urinary sepsis,perirenal hematoma,ureterostenosis and other complications.Measurement data were expressed as ((x) ± s),and t test was used for comparison between groups.Results All the patients in the modified lithotripsy group were completed successfully without ureteral perforation,rupture,loss of lithotripsy channel,transit to open surgery,perirenal hematoma,and urinary sepsis and so on.In the direct lithotripsy group,there were 5 cases of ureteral perforation,4 cases of lithotripsy channel loss,6 cases of transit to open surgery,2 cases of perirenal hematoma,1 case of urinary sepsis.The operation time of the two groups was (39.5 ± 7.2) min and (47.2 ± 11.6) min,respectively,t =-4.975,P =0.001.Stone clearance rate was 100％,91.1％.The patients in both groups received an average of 1 year out-patient follow-up.There were 3 cases of mild ureterostenosis in the modified lithotripsy group,which were not re-operated.In the direct lithotripsy group,there were 5 cases of mild ureterostenosis,and 2 cases of severe ureterostenosis,which were re-operated.Conclusion It is safe and effective to use the new modified paracalculous uteteral catheter in the ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy of large middle and lower ureteral stone,which can shorten the total operation time and reduce the occurrence of complications.It has a higher clinical value.
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Objective To investigate the expression change of RACK1 ,Src and Bcl‐2 in gastric carcinoma tissue and adjacent carcinomatous tissue .Methods Eighty specimens of gastric carcinoma and adjacent carcinomatous tissues in our hospital from Au‐gust 1 ,2011 to February 1 ,2014 were collected .The immunohistochemistry staining and Western blotting methods were adopted to detect the expression of RACK1 ,Src and Bcl‐2 protein in gastric carcinoma and adjacent carcinomatous tissues ,and their correlation was analyzed and performed the statistical analysis by combining with the clinicopathological data .Results The immunohistochem‐istry staining and Western blotting detection displayed that the expression positive rate and expression level of RACK 1 in gastric carcinoma tissue were obviously lower than those in the adjacent carcinomatous tissue ,while the expression positive rate and ex‐pression level of Src and Bcl‐2 in gastric carcinoma tissue were obviously higher than those in the adjacent carcinomatous tissue ,the differences were statistically significant (P0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of RACK1 in gastric carcinoma tissue is significantly decreased ,while the expres‐sions of Src and Bcl‐2 are increased .
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Objective To explore the effect of TNF-αon expression of TROP-2 and to explore the role of TROP-2 in the metastasis and invasion of colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Methods HCT-116 cells were cultured and treated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 200μg/L TNF-α. Cell viability was assessed by MTT. The expression of TROP-2 was determined by western blot. The effects of 20μg/L TNF-αon cell migration and invasion were investigated by wound healing assay and Transwell method. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down endogenous TROP-2 expression. The transcrip?tion and translation levels of TROP-2 were detected by qPCR and Western blot respectively. The migratory and invasive ca?pability of HCT-116 cells transfected with TROP-2 siRNA were checked by wound healing assay and Transwell method re?spectively. Results There is no significant change of cell viability between HCT-116 cells treated with 0,10, 20, 30 and 50μg/L TNF-α, but cell viability of HCT-116 decreased significantly with treatment of 100μg/L and 200μg/L TNF-α. Low concentration of TNF-α(≤50μg/L) led to increase of TROP-2 protein expression that peaks when 20μg/L TNF-αwas add?ed. High concentration of TNF-α(100, 200μg/L) result in decrease of TROP-2 protein. TROP-2 siRNA significantly down-regulated the expression of TROP-2 at both mRNA and protein levels in colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Compared with con?trol group, silencing TROP-2 by TROP-2 siRNA inhibited the migratory and invasive capability of HCT-116 cells. Wound healing rate and the number of transwell cell both decreased in siRNA group compared with those of control group ( P <0.05). Conclusion The mechanism that low concentration of TNF-α promoted HCT-116 cells migration and invasion might be through up-regulating the expression of TROP-2.
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Liquid therapy is a vital method of perioperative treatment.Choosing correct kinds of transfusion and reasonable therapy strategies can significantly reduce the perioperative complications and shorten days in hospital and improve the critical patients prognosis.The historical development of perioperative liquid therapy is a forward process,which is about crystalloids vs.cilloid,dry vs.wet,and other controversial problems continuing to be summarized,explored and discussed.In this process,there are some specific perioperative treatment strategies with the physician having a deeper cognitive,such as goal-directed therapy,early goal directed therapy and fast track surgery which have significant clinical curative effect.This article summarizes the advance of perioperative liquid therapy.
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Objective To investigate the change of AQP1 and AQP2 before and after the release of obstruction and explore the relationship between reabsorption dysfunction of renal tubule and the change of AQPs. Methods The model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) was established by surgery. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to study the expression of AQPs before and after obstruction. Results In UUO model, both AQPs began to down-regulate one day after obstruction, the expression of both AQPs became lower one day after the release of obstruction. And they started to up-regulate 7 day after the release of obstruction. AQP2 became normal since 14 days after the release of obstruction, and AQP1 became normal since 21 days after the release of obstruction. Conclusion The expression of AQP1 and AQP2 were descended in hydronephrosis. The dysfunction of renal tubule and the osmotic-dependent polyuria after the release of obstruction in UUO were caused by the down - regulation of AQPs.
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Objective To build the indicators system to collect patient safety monitoring information, focusing on medical complaints. Methods With such methods as literature review and expert advice, building the system for medical complaints collection and monitoring. Such indicators are modified and improved in pilot operations. Results The framework of the medical complaint monitoring indicators system is built in five dimensions, comprising 8 grade-1 indicators including patient complaint causes and hospital cause analysis, and 20 grade-2 indicators. Conclusion These indicators are scientific and operable to detect adverse patient safety events.
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This study was intended to observe the biological properties of primary human embryonic skeletal myoblasts cultured in vitro and to inquire about the possible differentiation mechanism. Isolated human embryonic myoblasts were identified by morphology and myosin immunohischemical staining. The proliferating myoblasts were shifted to DM (DMEM supplemented with 3% fetal bovine serum) to induce differentiation. The control group was cultured in GM (DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum). The differentiation was tested by the rate of myotube formation (RMF); The change of cell cycle was tested by flow cytometry; the morphological features were observed by use of inverted microscope and TEM. The myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) such as MyoD, Myogenin and Myf5 were assayed by RT-PCR. Results showed that the primary myoblasts cultured in DM, in comparison with those cultured in GM, had higher rate of myotube formation (RMF) and myofilament formation, and more of the myoblasts cultured in DM exited the S phase. The expression level of Myogenin mRNA was obviously higher than that of the control group, the increase of MyoD mRNA expression level was not so high, however, the expression of Myf5 mRNA was decreased. These data indicate that there is a possible mechanism between differentiation and cell cycle. Besides, the mRNA expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) occurs in different phase of differentiating myoblastes and implicates the diverse biological function.
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Humans , Cell Cycle , Cell Differentiation , Cell Division , Cells, Cultured , Embryo, Mammalian , Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal , Cell Biology , Myoblasts , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Myogenin , Genetics , RNA, Messenger , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objectives:To investigate the expression of regulators survivin and Ki 67 in rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS), and to evaluate their relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods: Immunohistochemical technique(S P) and image analysis were used to detect the expression of regulators survivin and Ki 67 in 43 cases of RMS and 10 normal skeletal muscles. Results: Expression of survivin was detected in 86% of the RMS, with higher levels in RMS than in normal skeletal muscles ( P
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Purpose To investigate the pathomorphological and immunohistochemical features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Methods Light microscopy was used to study the morphologic characteristics of 77 cases of GIST. The expression of c-kit(CD117), CD34, vimentin, SMA and S-100 protein were detected in all cases with S-P immunohistochemical method. Results GIST tended to have a higher degree of cellularity and lesser degree of cytoplasmic eosinophilia than observed in classic leiomyomas. The neoplastic cells of GIST were spindle, epithelioid or both in different proportion. Focal to prominent cytoplasmic vacuolization was often seen. The histological spectrum included interlacing fascicles, diffuse sheets, storiform and palisading pattern. The formation of cell clusters was rather special. Stromal and vascular hyalinization was common. GIST primary in the mesentery tended to have a higher potentiality of malignancy. The positivity of CD117 and CD34 were 90%, 92%, respectively. Conclusion The characteristic histological features exist in GIST. The detection of CD117 and CD34 is helpful to differential diagnosis.
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Purpose To investigate the significance of tumor suppressor gene p15 and p16 expression in soft tissue leiomyosarcoma(LMS) and leiomyoma(LM). Methods Expressions of p15 and p16 was studied in 38 cases of LMS and 20 LM with immunohistochemical method. Results The abnormal expression rates of p15 and p16 in LMS were 18.4% and 42.1% respectively, and were significantly different. p15 abnormal expression rate in LM was 60%, significantly higher than in LMS. The total abnormal expression rate of p15 and p16 was 52.6% in LMS studied. Grade Ⅰ tumor had the significantly higher abnormal expression rate than that of grade Ⅱ or Ⅲ tumor. Fifteen cases of LMS were followed. The abnormal expression rate of p15 and p16 in recurrent group was 75%, significantly higher than that in non recurrent group. Conclusions Loss of expression of p16 protein is more frequent in LMS than that of p15, whereas deletion of p15 protein is more frequent in LM than in LMS. Loss of functions of p15 together with p16 participates in the tumorigenesis and progression of LMS, and is correlated with pathologic grading and prognosis of LMS.